Monday, October 15, 2007

picking apart apple picking

When trying to decide what to blog about for Blog Action Day and the environment, I mulled over quite a few ideas. More ideas than I could fit into one blog post, which is why I'll probably re-visit the theme throughout this week. However, one issue in particular has been in the forefront of my mind ever since last week, and that is the relationship of eating locally to sustainability and justice. I understand, of course, that eating locally is not the only answer when trying to navigate the maze of environmental problems, and I believe that there is room for dialog on the matter. However, what I can't understand is self-satisfied journalists who would do away with the very notion that there may be something to be gained by trying to engage with the food (and the farmers) of your own region, that there is something irreducibly nourishing about, say, picking your own apples in the Fall.

Slate re-published an article by a journalist with just such a mindset last week, and so I decided that my action for today would be to take the time to refute this article word for word. Here is the article, entitled: Rotten to the Core: What pick-your-own apple orchards tell us about the American economy (published last year under the more innocuous title, Cider House Rules) [My comments are in orange] By Daniel Gross A few weeks ago, the New York Times ran a poignant article about anguished fruit farmers in California. Because of a crackdown on illegal immigrants, they couldn't find workers willing to pick their pears, even at $150 per day. And as a result, perfectly good fruit rotted in the fields. [Ok, I'm with you so far. It is a shame that immigration policy in this country does not reflect the real need for migrant farm worker labor, not to mention that we are all so used to rock-bottom cheap food that the idea of paying farm workers a living wage is unworkable]

Perhaps the California farmers, who depend on migrant Mexican labor, have got the wrong business model. Instead of paying workers to pick their fruit, they should try another strategy: making customers pay to pick the fruit themselves. Savvy farmers all over the country have discovered a practice that might not work as a nationwide agricultural policy, but that has allowed some economically inefficient orchards to thrive[what exactly is your definition of 'economically inefficient'? I guess we'll soon find out]: Encourage yuppies and their progeny to come pick your fruit—they'll pay handsomely for the privilege, buy more than they'd ordinarily consume, and then shell out for all sorts of other value-added products. It's the best use of child labor since Manchester's early 19th century textile mills. [I'm a little confused- so due to the fact that pick-your-own orchards draw people like tourist attractions, they are taking advantage of peoples' labor? More so than those who underpay migrant farm workers? Or, is the fact that some people are guilty of over-consumption somehow endemic to the pick-your-own model? Do tell]

Apple picking is a cherished rite of fall[absolutely, or if you live where I do, a cherished rite of late Summer as well], a wholesome and fun family outing, a throwback to a simpler time when people weren't so disconnected from the production of their sustenance. I look forward to it every year. It's also a wasteful scam. [Ah- you had me until "wasteful scam"- continue]

We've been educated (or bullied, depending on your outlook) by foodies like Alice Waters and Dan Barber [my understanding is that picking apples pre-dates the yuppie food chic of Alice Waters, but o.k.] to adopt the European concept of terroir—the best stuff to consume is the stuff grown in closest proximity. [Actually, this isn't my understanding of terroir. I first heard this term, when learning about wine, as a description of the fact that the environment in which produce is grown affects its flavor and other qualities. Terre = 'earth' or 'ground' in French, and I don't think you would argue that the soil, water, air, and other factors in the crop's environment affect its growth and outcome, right Dan? It seems as if you're making terroir into a straw-man prescriptive (rather than merely descriptive) notion that you can conveniently take down later.] For people in the Northeast, that's fine in the summer, when the Union Square Greenmarket bursts with locally grown exotic greens, yellow squash, and heirloom tomatoes of such flavor (and cost) as to make a gourmand weep. [Oh, ok, I see- by "Northeast" you mean "downtown New York City"- this clarifies things a bit!]

But in the fall, while the region's landscape lights up with foliage, the farm stands' color palette becomes more drab: potatoes, root vegetables, pumpkins, gourds, and, of course, apples. And so, to the pick-your-own orchards we go. [Just one of the facts of local eating- you learn to acclimate yourself to the seasons. In the fall and winter, produce is hearty and drab- if you don't eat drab in the winter, you are not in touch with what the season really is. And if you don't eat drab for a few months, the brighter fruit of summer won't seem that much more special and delicious. Besides, I can think of things more drab than pumpkins, gourds, and apples]



we ate all these apples we picked- and went back for more!

Silverman's Farm, the farm I frequent in Fairfield County, Conn., is a pick-your-own farm for Type A's: a high-volume, diversified joint. It attracts pickers from New Haven, New York, and all points in between. [Oh phew! Glad your concept of "Northeast" stretches all the way to New Haven!] (You can rusticate and still be back to Park Slope in time for dinner.) [Again with the New York City assumption! Not all apple pickers are Northeasters, and not all Northeasters are yuppie "type A" Park Slope inhabitants who view apple picking as a means to "rusticate".] Several tractors take turns hauling wagons with families up the slopes, and then back to the large store, where pumpkins, jams, ciders, pies, and flowers are sold. After jostling through the crowds—gaining access to the choice apple trees and a quick checkout lane requires the same level of competitiveness, foresight, and sharp elbows as winning admission to top nursery schools [yes, yes, we all sympathize with this particular example. Life simply is not the same without the New York City problems of the everyman, such as where to enroll Junior Type A in nursery school- oh wait- we can't!]—it's across the street to the petting zoo for the exquisite pleasure of having llamas and goats lick pellets out of your hands. [I gotta hand it to you- the particular orchard you describe seems to have very little to do with apples and more to do with tourism. But Dan, they're not all like this, trust me!]

On Sunday, we experienced a more laid-back, echt version of apple-picking on a postcard-perfect day at Bartlett's Orchard in the Berkshires.

The apple-picking experience sheds light on some unflattering truths about the American economy.

First, we regard nature as a realm to be conquered and tamed for our recreation, not to be preserved and nourished for its own sake. [Sorry to tell you this, but plenty of people do not view apple picking as land-grab attempt, let alone an amusement park. Also, I would question what you mean by nature as something existing "for its own sake" since the very concept of "nature" is human-made, but that's a different discussion] At the orchards, kids are instructed on how to pick apples—twist them gently—in such a way that leaves the tree intact. (Of course, for every child who closely adheres to the instructions, there's another who shakes the branch heartily, sending a cascade of smaller apples, leaves, and branches down to the ground.) [Here, I humbly submit that these children are behaving in such a way that suggests that their parents see apple orchards as "a realm to be conquered and tamed for our recreation." It would seem that all around the country, in competitive NYC nursery schools and elsewhere, children are absorbing the lessons of a hurried, harried cultural climate. You can see this at parties, buffets, schools, why pick on apple orchards?] But these trees are hardly natural. They aren't the sort of majestic, voluptuous apple trees you would have found in the Garden of Eden. They're dwarf apple trees, stumpy bushes engineered so that their fruit grows just a few feet off the ground. [Here, it is up to you to show us that apple orchards not designed for the U-Pick market reach the Edenic heights of which you speak. Somehow, I doubt that "real" apple orchards involve pickers climbing tens of feet into the air to pick apples off of "real" trees, but that's just me] They're the veal calves of the fruit world. [Ouch, Dan, you really hurt this apple-pickin' vegan with that line]

these might be dwarf apple trees, but the apples on them are plenty real- and big

In the United States, overconsumption is encouraged as a positive good (see under: McMansions, SUVs, all-you-can-eat buffets). [I agree with you here, Dan, wholeheartedly. And yet, picking my own apples at various apple orchards around my town is part of my non-overconsumption lifestyle. Now how's that?] Add pick-your-own apples to the list. At Silverman's Farm, pickers have a choice: $14 for a small bag and $24 for a large bag. At Bartlett's, it's less: $9 for a peck (10 pounds), $15 for a bushel (20 pounds). [Poor guy- those prices are way higher than what the non-tourist-trappy apple orchards charge. Here, I've paid as little as 30 cents a pound for the "seconds" that I use for cooking and baking, but even the pretty apples are only around 70 cents a pound if you know where to go] But even though consumers here avoid all the supply-chain costs they would pay at a grocery store, it's not that much cheaper. At Peapod, a 3-pound bag of apples goes for $2.79, about 93 cents a pound. [See, this is where I have serious problems with your argument, and this gets to the heart of what can be good about the eating local mentality. I'd say the real price of those apples at your neighborhood grocer would ideally involve the environmental impact of those $2.79 apples. Where did they come from? How were they grown? How many extra chemicals did it take for them to survive the journey? Who picked them, and under what conditions? How are the workers at Peapod treated? Most importantly, did the apples come from an economically depressed region of the state, the country, or the world, where the farmers made the decision that shipping their apples to fetch the higher prices that you would pay for apples in New York City is worth more to them than selling their apples to the inhabitants of their own region?]



I may be no Alice Waters, but I contend that this apple tastes better than the one from Peapod.

And, just as people who visit wineries end up walking away with a case instead of a bottle [not me! Is that a Park Slope thing?], it's a given that people leave pick-your-own orchards with a surfeit of apples. We left with two almost-full small bags, about 20 pounds, or between 60 and 70 apples. In a good week at home, we'll go through a dozen. [Wait- how many people are in your family? Let's say 3 - in a good week, each of you eat four apples? Yikes. Here's an idea- eat more apples! Ever tried having apples instead of fries as a side to your falafel burger?] Pickers tell themselves they'll put the farm-fresh apples to good use: making homemade apple sauce, or whipping up an apple pie. [I do and I do] But most people don't have the time. [This is a statement of attitude as much as anything. Daiku and I, who both work at stressful jobs, simply make the time to do these things. Buying applesauce when you can make it easily (toss some apples in the oven or the crockpot) just doesn't make sense] Besides, pick-your-own orchards sell the processed versions right there, in the irresistible form of apple cider and apple-cider donuts. (Even when they go to pick fresh produce, Americans use it as an excuse to consume deep-fried, carb-loaded junk.) [Well, I agree with you there, but I don't buy the junk, and many people who pick apples at orchards don't either. Dan, have you explored the wide world of vegan food blogging? Perhaps it's time you start...]

above: local apples cut into "fries" accompany a homemade falafel burger

Apple-picking also makes us vulnerable to that peculiarly American malady: the paradox of choice. Sophisticated American consumers must develop the ability to pick and choose among hundreds of varieties of wine, cheese, chocolate, and coffee. Well, like everything else in life, apple connoisseurship can be reduced to a convenient spreadsheet. Did you know that Granny Smith apples are tart and are superb for pies but poor for sauce, while Sun Crisp are tangy sweet and are very good for salad but only fair for pies? And how can you keep track of all the different varieties once they're in the bag? [This is only if you see apples as another hyper-competitive realm in which to demonstrate connoisseurship and expertise. I would submit to you that many people pick apples to eat apples. If you follow the calendar, you'll see that different apples reach their peak ripeness at different times of the season, and if you bake a lot, you'll know that those spreadsheets of which you speak are merely guidelines. Sometimes, Dan, you can even throw a non-Granny Smith apple into a pie. Honest!] If you thought comparing apples to oranges was a fruitless endeavor, try comparing apples to apples. [You're right. Keeping track of countless varieties of apples is tough. Better never go apple picking again. Oh Dan...don't throw out the local food baby with the too many apple varieties bathwater!]


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Tuesday, October 09, 2007

a walk in Ithaca


On Sunday, we woke up with great excitement, looking forward to traveling to Ithaca for the Farm Sanctuary Walk for Farm Animals.




We signed in, grabbed our signs, and set off.



Just like last year, we were joined by this cow...



... and this chicken.



Unfortunately, our walk route did not go through the crowded Ithaca Commons mall, but that didn't matter.



We got to see cool stuff like this anyway.



It was a small group, but it felt good to walk around, hand out pamphlets, and have cars honk in support and passers-by join in. I noticed a few of the same participants from last year, especially some of the cute and enthusiastic kids.



Afterward, we headed to the ABC cafe for some brunch. Over a hot organic coffee (Daiku) and a homemade (and very strong) soy chai latte (me),



We listened to some folk music and waited for our food. (No, I promise you the guitar player is NOT flipping us the bird! He was really nice- and vegan too! He's just changing chords, ok?)



I ordered the tofu scramble with spinach, mushrooms, and red peppers with a side of home fries. Sometimes, I'm afraid to order tofu scramble, because it is not very good unless it is made really well, but this was made extraordinarily well. Lovely spices, lovely veggies, lovely flavor.



Daiku ordered one of the day's specials, vegan French toast. Again, we were afraid that it wouldn't live up to our snooty expectations, but it was excellent. Fluffy, sweet, with just a hint of cinnamon, and the little dishes of maple syrup and Earth Balance so you could add as little or as much as you want. The portions at the ABC were awesome and insane. Lovely!



The brunch was really enjoyable, and hit the spot after a long morning. On the way out, I snapped this photo- this is what I want to see in all restaurant kitchens- big boxes of vegan egg replacer!



We couldn't leave Ithaca without visiting my mothership, a.k.a. the Greenstar Co-op. Look at these local "crazy giant squash" on display! Aren't they beautiful? To give a sense of the size of the biggest ones, let me just tell you that the little green pumpkin in front was huge.



I love the market and picked up a whole bunch of fun bulk items to bring home, but I saw one thing that disappointed me a little. I'd never seen these Annie's brand bottles before. Don't you think it's in really bad taste to put a scallion-chewing cow on your "steak marinade" and cute little cows and chickens on your BBQ sauce? Blegh- I certainly wouldn't buy this, and Daiku gave his omni opinion that it was a total turn-off for him, too. Bad move, Annie's.

Restaurant Information: the ABC Cafe, 306 Stewart Ave., Ithaca, (607) 277-4770
Market Information: Greenstar Co-op, 701 W. Buffalo St., Ithaca, (607) 273-9392

Coming up soon, a post about an... interesting talk given by Alice Waters and Judy Wicks about their take on sustainable food reform and "revolution"...

One year ago today (almost): on 10 October 2006, I blogged about last year's Farm Sanctuary Walk!


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Monday, October 08, 2007

blog action day


The Walk for Farm Animals went really well yesterday, and as usual, it was fun to hang out in Ithaca. I am grateful for all the support and encouragement from you guys- it feels gratifying to know that there are so many people out there who want to help farm animals. I promise to report all about it and post pictures tomorrow, but today, I wanted to talk about
Blog Action Day.

The idea is that on a particular day (October 15), all bloggers will blog about a chosen theme (this year, environmentalism.) I am committed to doing this, with the idea that thousands of bloggers with hundreds of thousands of readers all talking about one thing will have an impact. Kind of like a modern-day teach-in, or do-in.


I know that the environment is an integral part of my life and this blog, and that this is true for many of you as well. Go register your blog and commit to blogging about the environment on October 15- and leave me a comment so I'll be sure to read your Action Day post! Your post can be a photo, a video or a movie. It can be a drawing, a design, or an essay. It can be fictional or real. It can be a recipe, a craft, or an event. This should be fun!

* * *

P.S. I can't let "Columbus Day" go by without voicing some dissent! It's great to have a day off of school and everything, but when are we going to stop celebrating this person and the horrible values his story represents? Or at least change the name to "Commemoration and Atonement for the Millions of Native American Lives Lost Day"?

My favorite book about the real legacy of Columbus is "The Devastation of the Indies: A Brief Account" by Bartolomé de Las Casas, a 16th Century missionary who gives a first-hand account of the violence and destruction that the Europeans visited on the inhabitants of the "new" world. Do you have any favorite books or articles on this subject? Let me know - I'd love to hear about them!


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Friday, October 05, 2007

2 days to go...




Thank you to everyone who has generously donated money and given support for my upcoming participation in Farm Sanctuary's Walk for Farm Animals! The walk is coming up this Sunday (how time flies!), and I'm really looking forward to it. I'll report everything from Ithaca after the walk. The residents of Farm Sanctuary want to say "thank you" as well. Cheers!




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Thursday, October 04, 2007

ode to wacky cake




Long before bookstores and libraries displayed an abundance of vegan cookbooks, long before the Internet had a cornucopia of vegan recipes ready at the touch of a button, long before you could pick up decadent vegan treats from the market on your way home from work, and long before geniuses like Isa Chandra Moskowitz and Dreena Burton were creating their mouthwatering sweets, we had the humble wacky cake.

Wacky cake is a creation most likely borne of lack- perhaps during the Great Depression, perhaps long before, when people did not have an abundance of luxury items like eggs, milk, or butter to bake with. As a result, wacky cake was created, a rich chocolate cake that belies its humble roots, and just happens to be vegan as well.

The secret to wacky cake is vinegar, or rather the reaction of baking soda with vinegar to create fluffy light cake. If you google "wacky cake," you are sure to come up with 100's of recipes, but this is how we make it:

Wacky Cake

INGREDIENTS:
  • 1 1/2 cups minus 1 TB unbleached all-purpose flour (I find that whole wheat pastry and spelt flour, or any combination of those work well as well)
  • 1 cup sugar
  • 1/4 cup unsweetened cocoa
  • 1 teaspoon baking soda
  • 1/2 teaspoon salt
  • 1 teaspoon vanilla
  • 1 tablespoon white vinegar
  • 1/3 cup canola oil
  • 1 cup icy cold water
  • powdered sugar for garnish, optional

Method:

Pre-heat oven to 350 degrees.

In a large mixing bowl, mix flour, sugar, cocoa, soda and salt. Make three wells in the flour mixture. In one put vanilla, in another the vinegar, and in the third the oil. Pour the cold water over the mixture and stir just until moistened. Pour into 8 x 8-inch pan. Bake for 25 to 30 minutes, or until it springs back when touched lightly.



Voilà- a quick, easy, delicious vegan cake, possibly the ancestor of all vegan chocolate cakes. I love giving this recipe to non-vegans, because it doesn't have any "scary" or exotic ingredients such as soymilk, flax, Earth Balance, etc. It is the essence of simplicity.



In the spirit of simplicity, top your wacky cake with something equally light and carefree- perhaps a bit of dark chocolate pudding?



Or a simple chocolate ganache made by melting some dark chocolate chips in the microwave with a couple of drops of soymilk for 10-20 seconds?

Wacky cake is also pretty flexible- one of my favorite versions was one Daiku baked with whole spelt flour, finely chopped cherries, and chocolate chunks in the batter.

Have you made a wacky cake lately?

One year ago today: On 4 October 2006, I was having Fun with Fufu


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Tuesday, October 02, 2007

the produce post


I had a few summer wishes that hadn't come true until very recently, which is why I have been obnoxiously clinging on to the passing season. Among these, raspberry picking, blueberry picking, peach picking, one last trip to the beach, one last BBQ, one last road trip. Well you've seen some of these happen lately (hello raspberries! nice to meet you BBQ!). It's too late for me to pick blueberries this season. Whew! Just admitting that is liberating! In this post, I bring you some more items that I've been ticking off my summer checklist, bringing me closer and closer to accepting the end of that season and the beginning of another.


Behold...



Peaches! I had been wanting to go peach-picking for weeks. Not only would picking the peaches ourselves be more fun, but it would be way more cost-effective than buying them at the market. My environmentalist and frugal tendencies would nudge me in this direction. But the closest peach orchards to us were about an hour away. So... how many fossil fuels am I willing to burn for the idyllic thrill of picking fresh local peaches? Support local farmers and save money, but drive 150 miles round-trip, put out carbon emissions, spend $20 on gas? Decisions, decisions.



Fortunately, the decision was made for me one Saturday at the farmers market, when I met a man selling this huge bushel of "seconds." They were seconds not because they were overripe or damaged, but because they were cosmetically compromised by hail! Basically, I got a box of ugly buy perfectly delicious peaches for $5. Local, meet the farmer? Check. Cheap? Check. Lots of peaches to have fun with? Check and check.



At the market, we also got a huge basket of these tiny plums, which as you can see in the photo above, were about the size of large grape tomatoes. I kept wanting to use the plums to cook or bake something fabulous, but they were just so damn tasty to pop into my mouth. Somehow, Daiku and I went through these before anything got made. Going delirious with a huge glut of produce and eat them all before you can make anything with them? Check!



One of the best buys we have made from the market in recent memory is the world's biggest and best bunch of spinach ever. See that huge bunch I'm holding up in the above photo? That was only, say, 1/8 of the entire bag. We had so much spinach, that we used some almost every day, but didn't finish it for over a week! We kept fearing that it would go bad, but this never happened. Basically, this was fresh local spinach, pulled out by the root, so it stood up to refrigeration admirably. We used it for pizza topping, pasta, soup, salad, and more, as you've seen in my last few posts.



But the coolest thing that came from the spinach was... green smoothies! I've always wanted to experiment with throwing greens into smoothies. I've made smoothies with powdered spirulina, and I've juiced kale, but I had never gathered up the courage to just throw a bunch of greens into a smoothie until now. I figured the spinach was so fresh, tasty, and tender that now was as good a time as any to try it.



And boy, was it good! As you can see from these photos, the spinach completely dissolves in the smoothie, so there are no chunks hanging around. There is also no lingering flavor- all the spinach leaves behind is this beautiful emerald color. I was amazed at how much spinach I could cram into a small smoothie. So for breakfast, I could have 2 or more servings of greens (in addition to the banana, soy yogurt, orange juice and other goodies I threw in there) before the day had even begun. It felt really virtuous and good. Get a huge amount of perfect produce, enough to experiment with? Check!



With all these lovely summer produce experiences, I have been comforted enough to finally let autumn in. The photo above is from our second apple-picking excursion. It's so fun to bring home a huge amount of apples, and now that different varieties are coming in, there's even more we can do with them. In future posts, I will share the crisps, juices, pies, and sauces these apples have been yielding, but for now, I want to share my apple theory with you.



You see, when I go apple picking, I always pick these apples with the freckly markings on them. Not only do I love imperfect produce, but I'm convinced that these are the apples with the best flavor and texture. So far, I haven't been proven wrong. See, this is the fun of picking your own, whatever the produce item might be: getting to see the charming, quirky, irregular, or ugly fruit that you might never encounter in a supermarket. It adds immeasurable pleasure to the eating experience to come to terms with your food in its original context.

What about you? Do you have any "theories" about what makes the best-tasting produce? Are there any rituals or superstitions that you have to share about how you go about gathering the food you eat? Share them with me!



one year ago today: on 2 October 2006 I asked, what's on your skin?


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Monday, October 01, 2007

the BBQ dinner post




Happy October, everybody! Thank you for your kind comments about the sourdough post. I went away to Virginia for my mom's birthday this weekend, and was so happy to come back and find that it had gotten such a good response. I am having a lot of fun with it.

Well, the voodoo stew seems to have worked better than I could ever imagine! Clear, sunny weather and record-breaking warm temperatures have been hanging around, and I figure, as long as I keep getting warm days, I'll keep posting warm-weather foods!



On September 21, Daiku and I took advantage of the newly warm weather to pull out our trusty little hibachi grill to make some barbeque. This little cast-iron guy is very near and dear to our heart. We bought him very cheaply a few years ago when I was still living in California, and the heavy, sharp, rusty thing has managed to follow us to New York. (Let's just say multiple trips were involved).



The main course was some mock duck (canned seitan from the Asian market) marinated with a peppery barbeque sauce. Here is the duck getting basted with reserve marinade.



The salad was inspired by this beautiful ripe red pepper from the garden.



I used it, along with some fresh tomatoes and raw corn from the farmers market, some scallions, olive oil, and sherry vinegar to make a salsa. I've only recently discovered my love for fresh raw corn, and am snapping it up every chance I get. I figure it'll only show up at the market a couple more times, tops. This particular corn was white and especially sweet and tender. I may never cook corn again- seriously.



I then poured the salsa over a huge bed of spinach, also from the market.



Along with some garlic toast, plain corn on the cob, and some barbecued broccoli and green onions, (and some amazing grilled peaches that I forgot to photograph), this was a satisfying dinner for the last day of summer. The last day according to the calendar, anyway...

To be continued!


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